Filarete e la chiesa degli eremiti di san Girolamo: «…nel modo ch’io ordinai a Bergamo, che era bella»
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The essay moves from a passage of book XVI of Filarete’s treatise on
architecture, where the author outlines the project for a church, ordered
by Duchess Bianca Maria Visconti for a monastery of the Hermits of St.
Jerome. In this very peculiar project by the Tuscan master, a single-nave,
vaulted building is flanked by lateral chapels, overtopped by an
accessible matroneum. The project has been connected by John R.
Spencer to the church of San Sigismondo in Cremona, founded in 1463.
The debate on a type of church that was perceived as abnormal in the
coeval Lombard milieu brought forth similar projects by Filarete in
Lombardy, such as the Cathedral (1457) and the San Gottardo dei Serviti
complex in Bergamo (1462), the latter being known thanks to a document published by Richard Schofield in 2002, but nonetheless
essentially ignored in recent studies on Filarete’s activity in Lombardy.
The identification of an architectural type described by Filarete in his
treatise – and perhaps attempted more than once during his stay in
Lombardy – suggests an oft-overlooked line of inquiry, which considers
architectural culture and possible influences, such as – in this case – the
Badia in Fiesole. Such inquiry – while asking for a wider consideration of
Filarete’s work in Lombardy – is crucial to the understanding both of the
culture he brought with him, and of its penetration and, in a few cases,
influence on Lombard architecture of the time.
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